Stop Playing the Blame Game Essay Example for Free

Stop Playing the Blame Game actGrowing up children love to eat at Mc sirealds, Burger King, or their local pizza place. The degenerate food for thought for thought industry offers prepackaged, unhealthy foods that are marketed through advertisements and media as a kid friendly quick break libertine, eat or dinner. Many blame obesity in children and young adults in the easy access to fast food. Is it fair to suggest that the numerous fast food places that are available are the leading factor in in the emergence of obesity amongst children? There are other factors that should be considered such as parents, leave out of exercise, numerous amounts of hours spent in front of the television. David Zinczenkos article Dont Blame the affluent supports the theory that the increase in obesity is caused by the easy access, affordable, numerous fast food eating places that are available. He argues the availability of healthier food options by writing, drive d deliver any thoroughfa re in America, and I guarantee youll see one of our countrys more than 13,000 McDonalds restaurants. Now, drive keep going up the block and try to find someplace to buy a grapefruit (Zinczenko 392). He utilizes his own personal story being raised by a single mother who worked two jobs and did not have a large amount of income coming in.Zinczenko notes, By age 15, I had packed 212 pounds of boggy teenage tallow on my once lanky 5-foot-10 frame (Zinczenko 392). He listed choices such as, Taco Bell and McDonalds as his daily meal choices due to the lack of healthy choices and alternatives that aligned with his situation as a child. Is spare weight he gained as a child Taco Bells fault? To some, this train could be seen as ridiculous and lacks personal responsibility. Helen Lee reports on a study she performed to argue the hypothesis that local food availability such as fast food, and convenience stores explain the obesity increase and assay among school aged children.Helen Lee per formed a study on school aged in children in low income and high income households. Lee utilized different tools and resources to report on childrens BMI and how it changes over time. The study brought attention to some astonishing results. Contrary to Zinczenkos claim that grocery stores and healthier food choices are limited, Lees study finds that, poor and minority neighborhoods not only have greater access to fast-food restaurants and convenience stores they overly have access to large-scale grocery stores and full service restaurants (Lee).She also confirms from her research study that, food outlet exposure holds no independent human blood to child weight gain (Lee). Obesity in Children cannot solely be blamed on fast food services. Parents play a leading role in what their children consume. Lee provides relevant factors explaining obesity risk among young children For example, poor self-reported parental health is importantly associated with higher risk of weight gain, sug gesting a relationship between parental health and child health.Television viewing is a highly significant forecaster of BMI gains over time. For every additional hour per day of television viewing, there is a predicted 1. 5 percentile gain in BMI ranking by the end of fifth grade. Physical activity level is also important increases in the number of days per week the child engaged in exercise significantly reduced their BMI gains. (Lee) With this information it is safe to conclude that it is time to stop playing the blame game with your childrens health as well as your own.Take responsibility of your actions and live responsibly so that you whitethorn teach others to do the same. Works Cited Lee, Helen. The Role of Local Food Availability in Explaining Obesity assay Among Young School-Aged Children. Social Science Medicine 74. 8 (2012) 1193-1203. Social Sciences Full Text (H. W. Wilson).Web. 24 Feb. 2013. Zinczenko, David. Dont Blame the Eater. They Say, I Say The Moves That Ma tter in Academic Writing with Readings. Graff, Gerald. Cathy Birkenstein. Russel Durst. New York Norton, 2012. 391-394. Print.

The relationship between humanity and the rest of creation Essay Example for Free

The relationship between humanity and the rest of humanity Essaya. Describe the teachings of the religion of which you atomic number 18 studying about the relationship between humanity and the rest of creation.Christianity teaches that God created the Earth and that human beings ar the stewards who should protect the gift they have been precondition. The relationship between humanity and the rest of creation is not a simple one. To look at Christian teachings on this relationship, the state of creation must first be examined.Yet, despite human beings being seen as the most intelligent life form and having certificate of indebtedness for the Earth, many of the problems facing the planet are mainly due to human activity. Stories and headlines featuring pollution, global heating, over flowing landfills and the liquidation of both animals and plants are, unfortunately, no longer uncommon. These problems are not confined to the UK and are, in fact, happening worldwide. Global warming is one of main problems.There are thin layers of gas that surround the Earth which keep in enough heat from the sun for the Earth to be at a perfect temperature, however, a skeletal system up of carbon dioxide from sources such as cars, is causing the layers surrounding the Earth to get thicker so to a greater extent heat is being trapped causing the temperature to rise. Temperature rise will cause polar ice caps to feed and sea levels to increase causing flooding, storms and hurricanes, resulting in loss of human life. Christianitys teachings on humanitys responsibility for the environment depend to be having little effect as the world is facing huge problems.The Christian figment of creation can be found in the first two chapters of Genesis, in the word of honor. These chapters describe how God created the Earth, from nothing, in 7 days, and it was on the 7th day that he rested. After creating the Earth, the sky, the seas and plants, God made birds and fish on the fif th day and animals and adult male on the sixth day So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him male and female he created them. (Genesis 127)Although the word of honor often gives more than one opinion on some subjects it is clear when it comes to expressing the view that God created the world. The discussion teaches that the Universe is Gods creation, not an accident, and that it is filled with meaning and purpose. The Old Testament, in particular, reflects these ideas. O Lord our God, your greatness is seen in all the worldWhen I look at the sky, which you have made, at the moon and stars which you have set in their places ( sing 81,3) And again in Psalm In his hands are the depths of the depths of Earth, and the mountain peaks depart to him. The sea is His, for he made it, and his hands formed the dry land. (Psalm 95 3- 6) It can be seen therefore, that the Psalm teaches that God made the Earth but the people have the task to keep it how it was cr eated.Despite the radical Testament not giving the same emphasis to God creating the world, it still shows that he did. Look at the birds in the air they do not sow or reap or store international in barns and yet your heavenly father feeds them. (Matthew 6 26)Christianity teaches that Christians, as stewards, have the responsibility to look later on the Earth because God put people in charge of the world. A steward is someone who takes administer of things and is responsible when things go wrong. Therefore, Christians have the job of caring for the planet and they should try to put things right when they go wrong. The story of Adam and Eve in Genesis acts a reminder to Christians that humanity has been given the parting of stewards. In the story of Adam and Eve God provided a perfect environment for them but it was their responsibility of taking lot of it. Then the lord God placed the man in the Garden of enlightenment to cultivate it and guard it. (Genesis 215) When Adam and Eve disobeyed Gods orders and they ate the fruit on the tree of knowledge, they were banished from the garden. The story of Adam and Eve is often compared with todays situation people are abusing the resources given to them by God.In the Bible it says And God saw it was good (Genesis 11) This suggests that when the world was created by God it was perfect so understandably todays problems have been caused by human activity and their disregard for the planet. There is Biblical evidence to show that humans were asked to take care of the planet. For example, in the Old Testament after crops had been harvested the fields were allowed to rest for a reliable period of fourth dimension so that the soil could replenish itself. They Jews were also told not to destroy trees when attacking a city.When you lay siege to a city for a long time, fighting against it to capture it, do not destroy its trees by putting an axe to them, because you can eat their fruit. Do not cut them down. be the tre es of the field people, that you should besiege them?(Deuteronomy 2019)Pope John Paul II said this Look to the hereafter with hope and set out with renewed vigour to make this new millennium a time of solidarity and peace, of love for life and respect for Gods creation.The Assisi Declaration was made on the 29th September 1986 when Christian leaders joined leaders from the other 5 major world religions, in Assisi, to declare their promise for temper. The clash was held in Assisi in honour of St. Francis, who lived there in the 13th century, because he preached about conservation and describe all creatures as his brothers and sisters.The Declaration on Nature, Assisi, (1986) saidChristians repudiate all ill-considered exploitation of nature which threatens to destroy it and, in turn, to make man the victim of degradation.This shows that some Christians do want to take care of the world and protect it from catastrophe.To conclude, Christians are the Stewards of the world and should take responsibility for their actions because humans have been clearly given this power.

Origins Of Our Economic Worldview Essay Example for Free

Origins Of Our Economic World arrest Essay genius is a wonderful tool that heals all by itself and it is a very well know concomitant. It is say that if nature is provided with enough season she would heal herself and that includes the affects of human activities too. But the basic question to this argument is the time duration or in other watchwords what is the time taken to heal such wounds? It has been estimated that the undiagnosed civilization that was wiped out of the Easter Island was due to deforestation. Human interventions deva say the ecology and subsequently themselves and still after near 1000 years the island is still grassland with little foliage. This is the point that was instrumental in developing the factors of ecological economic science. bionomical economics is regarded as a subfield of economics that deals with issues that are, broadly speaking, related to the ecological concerns. The main purpose of ecologic economics is to use the universal metho ds of economics, mainly and mostly neo classical, to achieve its goal.According to Davis Lamb the ecological economics focal point is to centralize on the perception of externality of environment. In other word some or more of the outcomes of a commotion are not evaluated in accordance to its fiscal result. As an example he states that when the pollution train of a given state reaches its optimum level the expense of the producer of this pollution subject should be taken into consideration otherwise the balance would be in the brink of commotion.Therefore it is encouraged to formulate the outcome of a polluting medium in paying attention of utility oriented price format. According to the Coase Theorem the assigning property rights is based on a fact that there is all probability that this application would lead to an optimal solution of ecological policies of economics whereby in accordance to regardless of who receives them, the basic cost of transaction would reveal an inconsequ ential state where the stake holders of the negotiating parties would be minimized.In other words, if there is a factory operating over a substantial finis of time and polluting the surrounding area all along the way and the local population is suffering for that curtilage then a negotiation committee should be set up to find a pure(a) formulation that would help either way. One of the most logical conclusion could be the factory would be held responsible for the pollution and the suffering of the local population as the factory is polluting and banishing the local populations right to proper and healthy environment.For this the factory should pay the local population as a price for a better living surrounding. bionomic economics in todays world is unrivalled of the most relevant issues concerned. It should be remembered that the perception of Ecological economics is directly included into the peripheral postulatew of the subject economics and is inseparable in nature. It is al so believed that Ecological economics is in actuality three-fifths of ecology as per economist Mike Nickerson.Ecological economics is often regarded as a consolidation of conventional economics and political economy. Ecological finance and theories of natural capitalism are also highly influenced by the variables of Ecological economics. According to the DETR, government policies will strive to ensure that the countryside is environmentally protected while at the resembling time maintaining its working nature, thereby contributing to national prosperity as part of a matched economy.The government stresses the need for social, economic and environmental concerns all to be considered together. Whether though the current legislation is in fact meeting such objectives is debatable. The most substantial fortress for the habitat in the UK from the point of vie of Ecological economics is to be found in the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 which specifically provides for the denominati on of certain areas, known under the Act as sites of special scientific interest or SSSIs, for protection.The Act (Section 28(1) WCA 1981) provides for guidelines on designation criteria with the effect that designation will be likely if the area is of special interest by cause of any of its flora, fauna, or geological or physiographical features. (McEldowney, 1999) In fact, if the area in question satisfies these criteria, then the constitution Conservancy Council must deem the areas to be under strict regulation. This ruling was most notably exemplified by the circumstance of R v Nature Conservancy Council, ex parte London Brick Property Ltd.In conclusion it could be stated that despite the first glance opinions by the scientific and economic communities Ecological economics and habitat protection suggests that equal importance is in fact proffered to the environment than it is to the economic interests of those bound by the laws, in answer the laws have been implemented in su ch a fashion as to, in the main, permit an pleasurable level of a balancing of interests of all concerned, a result which is not easily reached and is therefore to be applauded.

The Importance of Theory and Research in Child Development Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Theory and inquiry in Child Development EssayIn order for us to understand how a kidskin develops we must uphold research on theories that we believe and others believe to be true. When we do understand the suppuration of tykeren we go forth be able to understand the skills and behaviors of children. This will help us to understand why they will not eat certain foods or how children of different ages react differently to certain things. In the primordial 20th century umteen theories were put forward to help explain why and how children develop. A theorizer who played a major influence in how we understand children was Jean Piaget. According to Mossler (2014) While administering Binets intelligence test to Parisian schoolchildren, he became fascinated by childrens incorrect resultant roles. After many years of observing the mental limitations of children, including his own, Piaget came to the ending that children of different ages think differently. ( p. 16) When an somebody says the phrase I did that with my children and it worked book for them, I believe that they are trying to get the other individual to do what they did with their children.Whether they are explaining to them how they penalise their children or how they made it easier for them to look out something. This statement is not true in all cases. How one child understands and learns can be different than how another child understands and learns. For example, growing up my parents would punish me by jolly me, by doing this I learned that what I was doing was wrong. In order to teach me something new, my parents would show me how to do it once and indeed let me try it. This method of teaching has always worked with me but with my little sister, she had to study it a few times before she got the hang of it. It is important to utilize developmental theory to explain a foundational knowledge of childrens development so that parents and missiongivers will be able to properly raisethese children in hefty and trusting environments. According to Virginia Department of Social Services (2004) Child development is the foundation upon which early childishness practice is based.Because the psychomotor, socioemotional, cognitive, and linguistic developmental domains are inter- tie in, early childishness professionals in all types of programs (e.g., family child care homes, early childhood education centers) must comprehend both the processes of development and the adults social function in supporting each childs growth, development, and learning. (p. 1) Scholarly researchers will form a hypothesis, and then while referring back to previous research or writing by other academics or scholars, conduct research on the hypothesis in order to make their information available to the rest of the scholars. inappropriate scholarly research, anecdotal evidence is something that is experienced by the researcher and is not considered very reliable. According t o Mossler (2014) anecdotical evidence is not a substitute for good research. Only controlled experimental studies can properly answer the question of cause and effect. (p. 48) cognitive developmental theory is founded on the topic that children gain knowledge by exploring and influencing the world that is all around them.According to Mossler (2014) After many years of observing the mental limitations of children, including his own, Piaget came to the conclusion that children of different ages think differently. Mental activity evolves in a predictable pattern of distinct submits related to natural maturation of the brain (Piaget, 1983). (p. 16) The key points to Piagets theory of cognitive development are the four stages of his theory. The first off stage is the sensorimotor stage, which occurs from the time the child is born up to the age of two. In this stage the idea that infants think by influencing the world around them is considered. The second stage is the preoperational s tage, which occurs from the age of two to the age of seven-spot. This is characterized stage by the impression that children use symbols to represent their discoveries.In the third stage, the concrete operational stage, transpires when the child is seven up to eleven years old. This stage is categorized by the idea that childrens reasoning becomes focused and logical. In the final stage, the formal operational stage, children from ages eleven to adulthood are described by the interpretation that children develop the ability to think in abstract ways. (Boundless, 2015) The value of continued learning is important for an individual to learn andgrow. The way we think and act is constantly evolving and this happens from new understandings, new knowledge and new skills. We should desegregate both personal experience and scholarly research grounded in theory in order to learn new things and help others learn them as well. Most research starts with an idea and is developed from there.R eferencesBoundless. Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development. Boundless Psychology. Boundless, 27 Jun. 2014. Retrieved 05 Apr. 2015 from https//www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/human-development-14/theories-of-human-development-70/piaget-s-theory-of-cognitive-development-270-12805/ Mossler, R. (2nd ed.). (2014). Child and Adolescent Development. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education. Virginia Department of Social Services. (2004). Competencies for early childhood professionals area II Understanding child growth and development. Retrieved from http//www.dss.virginia.gov/files/division/cc/provider_training_development/intro_page/publications/competencies/chapters_individually/04.pdf

Reflective Report on Mega Simulation Game

Reflective Report on Mega Simulation crippledyexecutive SUMMARYThe report is intimately a 12- work calendar week critical evaluation about my experience of the Mega Simulation Game that I was to execute with other four convocation members. The exercise inquires identifying the primary pensive theories that will be use for reflective learning. In my case, I used Lawrence-Wilkes think over and Gibbs Reflective dumbfound. I used these 2 moldings to enumerate on twain relative incidences in the pigeonholing work experience, which were related to inter ad hominem dynamics, and personal surgical operation in- assemblage work. The interpersonal dynamics such as personality clashes, diverse ethnic values, and personal interests acted as a hindrance to communication and collaboration. However, the commitment of the squad was very lofty and this kept the aggroup going. The second incidence was on personal exploit where the convention leveraged on individual strengths and delegated tasks. The delegation of tasks was fruitful however the turn back carrefour was not due to personal interests overriding the stem interests. I learnt the admit for in force(p) communication, the post of attractorship and the need to accommodate varied opinions.IntroductionReflection has numerous meaning that includes self- fol number one, self-aw arness, self-criticism, self-appraisal, self-assessment, personal scholarship and other terms that are related to these terms. Boyd and Fales (1983) defined reflection learning as the process of extern bothy examining and exploring an takings of concern, triggered by an experience, which creates and clarifies meaning in terms of self and which results in a changed conceptual perceptive. The ex arrangement brings out key important issues in reflective learning there needfully to be an issue that is examined, meaning of the issue must be derived and lastly the meaning should improve the perspective of the individual i n a similar situation in the future.In this reflection paper, I will pursue cardinal sheaths of reflection interpersonal dynamics and military operation of the members of the throngs. Teamwork is used everywhere from tell apart settings to organizations and even commwholeies to accomplish tasks that require collaboration, brainstorming and synergy. The primary objective of a team is delegation of responsibility and development of a good plan for the comp permition of a goal (Hughes and Jones, 2011). The interpersonal dynamics is about how people use communicatory cues such as facial expressions and body language to complement verbal communication in on-on-one inter works. The mind I decided to discuss interpersonal dynamics is because I saw the group as a cross-functional one rather than a functional one. The origins I think the group was cross-functional was that all(a)(a) the members in the group were specializing on different careers and alike we had never worked unne urotic as a team. The simulation game was a one cartridge holder project where the group would be dissolved after its completion. Parker (2015) noted that cross functional teams were to a greater extent susceptible to interpersonal barriers such as cultural biases, work styles, turf wars, conflicts, lack of trust, and differing priorities. whatsoever of these things contend out during our game simulation task.The second area that I am going to explore is performance of members in the group. I felt this is an area worthy of exploitation as the different members had a different level of performance towards contributing to the success of the group. It is impossible to separate team performance from individual performance because the former depends on the latter. Individual standards comprise of the performance expectations that severally team member expresses as personal pres for sure to achieve (Larson and LaFasto, 1999). I specifically noted that I dumbfound a lot of sudor to ma ke waterher with another member in the teamwork, which stimulated others to perform better, but neartimes it was not ample enough to reach our desired goals.I will employ the Gibbs Reflective Cycle (1988) and Lawrence-Wilkes REFLECT illustration (2014) to critically reflect on the two MSG experiences. I used Gibbs reflective model because it is a simple model to use and provides questions that I flip to answer in a particular order. alone like the Gibbs model, Lawrence-Wilkes REFLECT model uses a simple concept of reflection making it easy for the drug user to apply it. The model uses a bacronym (an acronym devised in reverse to fit a word) on the word REFLECT. I will not be using the Honey and Munfords learning style as it is in addition simplistic in its steps to allow me to critically reflect on my experiences.Gibbs reflective model is a recyclable alikel in reflection as it provides critical phases of an experience from what one experienced to how they would determine changes and serve better in subsequent events. The different phases include description, feelings, evaluation, outline, conclusion, and action plan. Below is the Gibbs reflective cycle with the germane(predicate) questions that need to be answered for each phaseFigure 1 (Gibbs, 1988)Gibbs reflective model directly fits to the accidents of the group.In my reflection, I was first wondering why there was no sense of cohesion in the group when we started. The opinions were so diverse and the commitments were so dissimilar. I was feeling that personal priorities and interest were coming in the way of life of cooperative approach. Most of the group members, including I felt distraught and disillusioned by the progress of the group in the initial weeks due to the lack of organization and poor ranking. We did not have a perisher who would inspire us through the disillusionment. In the Tuckmans stages, the group dwelled so much in the forming stage where the group members were getting to know each other and there was general socializing (Martin, 2006).Lawrence-Wilkes -REFLECT model (2014) comprises of steps that are almost similar to that of Gibbs reflective cycle but it goes to a deeper level to analyze elements such as strengths and weaknesses, reference to external checks, waitressinging at the responsibilities and asking the what if question. The model examines more details that not only assist in reviewing past experiences but also learning from them and integrating new ideas to enable change. The model requires reviewing of experiences from both objective and subjective angles. Below is the REFLECT barconym used in the model.Table 1 (Lawrence-Wilkes and Ashmore, 2014) Lawrence-Wilkes REFLECT model of Reflective PracticeR1. Reflect olfactory modality back, review and ensure intense experiences are reviewed cold (subjective and objective).E2. EvaluateWhat happened? What was important? (Subjective and objective)F3. FocusWho, what, where, etc. Roles, respons ibilities, etc. (Mostly objective)L4. go outQuestion why, reasons, perspectives, feelings? Refer to external checks. (Subjective and objective)E5. EvaluateCauses, outcomes, strengths, weaknesses, feelings use metacognition. (Subjective and objective)C6. ConsiderAssess options, need/possibilities for change? Development needs? What if? scenarios? Refer to external checks. (Mostly objective)T7. TrialIntegrate new ideas, experiment, contain action, and make change. (Repeat cycle Recall)Incident 1My group was comprised of five members that are evidently from different cultural backgrounds and also hold diverse views and values. I noticed due to the diversity in the group, there was no effective communication and there were issues when it came to sense of responsibility. The first incident was our groups inability to operate cohesively due to differences in personality and cultural values. My preceding encounter with the topic of diversity is that it (diversity) can lead to team str ength and innovation (West, 2012). But on the contrary, the initial weeks of our groups was faced with communication challenges as we worked together.Initially, I thought that the reason for the incongruity was that the exercise was new to everyone and no one had substantive information on how to go about the exercise. Everyone in the group was in constant search of what is expected of the exercise. The disappointment was evident in week 3 due to the poor ranking, which left everyone de activated. Waller, Gupta and Giambatista (2004) noted that lack of effective communication leads to deviation from attaining team goals. We got confused on what were our desired goals. Despite the miscommunication, the group was able to function as there were elements that were consonant with structuration theory on how groups use rules and resources to form its structure (Frey, Gouran and Poole, 1999).Our group was held together by the weekly contact that were mandatory and I believe were it not f or the rules, the team functioning would have been impaired.I must delight in my group because irrespective of the communication barriers, the group was able to hold on and depict to overcome these barriers. The alludeance of the meetings was satisfactory as there was minimal absenteeism, which was accompanied by apologies and genuine reasons such as complaint or class time. In my assessment, the general theme of the group according to Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was feelers instead if thinkers. Feelers judge situations based on feelings or emotions while thinkers judge situations based on logical analysis (Quenk, 2013). Most of the choices that were do such as marketing for orbit cars were based on personal emotions, which lead to disregard of facts and information.I must admit despite the personality clash in the group all the group members were committed to accomplishing the task successfully. The commitment even inspired us on meeting doubly a week to try and bett er our ranking and get a better grip of the exclusively game simulation concept. Personally, I was not thinking about how to bridge the miscommunication gap or clash personalities but on the task at hand and this was also the general trend in the group. flush up to the end of the exercise in the 12th week, we communicated but we never did so effectively. The ranking of the group improved over time even though it did not reach the desired goal. Upon critical review at the end of the exercise, I could only make sense of the group performance through the self-organization theory. The theory postulates that order can arise from a disordered system due to interactions of distinct part of the system.The incidence on interpersonal dynamics, especially the personality clashes and miscommunication between the group members, helped me to develop transferable skills to do with closing ranks when it comes to personality and cultural differences. The group would have attained a better rank i f we resolute the disillusionment in the early stages of teaming as this would have gone a long way in working harmoniously (Searle and Swartz, 2015).I also saw the fruits of commitment as the members were able to perform regard little of the cohesion problems.Incident 2The second incident was related to the individual performances and their contribution to the overall group performance. Personally, I believe am a natural leader who engenders the mantle of leading in some(prenominal) situation. I believe that one does not need to be appointed formally to take the leadership role but can take the steering wheel from any position. I subscribe to the relationship-oriented leadership model where the leader is more focused on the human resources than the task at hand. I would motivate the members of the group by telling them how the assignment was important and how we should all be committed towards improving our ranking. The group needed a small dose of external motivation to kee p them going and energized (Beagle, 2012). When I was actuate and inspiring the team, I found the motivator in me, which was essential in keeping myself going and also the group.I noticed that a team produced synergy and a better output than an individual but it is the latter that contributes to the results of the former. Despite the shaky start, we realized that we need to use our individual strengths for team success (Graham et al., 2012). At different points of the assignment, we had to assign and delegate duties and cover ground on the different actions that needed to be taken. We seek to leverage on the strengths of the individual members as much as possible. The use of individual strengths to delegate tasks did not work effectively as I expected as the third phase of Fishers Theory of stopping point Emergence was not adhered to. The third phase is the emergence phase where an individual needs to soften on their stance and let the interest of the team prevail over personal i nterests (Littlejohn, Foss and Oetzel, 2016). In some situations, we had to go with individual opinions instead of consensus, which did not work well for the team.In the future, I would advocate for more agree and consensus instead of personal opinions as the latter risks beingness biased and non-inclusive. I learnt that anyone can be a situational leader if they wanted to make a difference amidst uncertainty and anyone can lead from any position (Alizor, 2013). I saw the importance of delegating duties as it covered more ground but it needs better coordination to achieve a common goal.I believe my strength and individual contribution was leadership and motivation.ConclusionI appreciate the experience as it was an eye-opener especially on different aspects of group tasks. I understood how group dynamics can work against the success of a team and they need to be identified and dealt with at the early stages of an assignment. For instance, team members need to understand each others values and culture, and accommodate them. reason each other is the first step of breaking the communication barrier. I appreciated the importance of effective communication, which our group lacked, eventually leading to poor coordination and cooperation. I must admit that the strength of our group lie in commitment more than anything else. After communication, personal interest was the other weakness. I learnt the need to let other team members speak their mind, brainstorming and softening individual stance for the good of the team. I was a culprit myself of holding strong stances, sometimes unconsciously, on some of the issues. Looking back at the exercise, I acknowledge that for better interpersonal reactions, the parties need self-awareness. Lastly, I appreciated the power of leadership in motive and inspiring team members towards tasks accomplishment.References Alizor, J. (2013). Leadership Understanding Theory, Style, Practice Things You Need to Know about Leading an Organ ization. first ed. Bloomington, IN WestBow Press.Beagle, M. (2012). The Rock Motivational Leadership A Leaders Perspective On Inspiring Others eon Finding the Motivator in You. 1st ed. Bloomington iUniverse, Inc.Boyd, E. and Fales, A. (1983). Reflective Learning Key to Learning from Experience. Journal of humanitarian Psychology, 23(2), pp.99-117.Frey, L., Gouran, D. and Poole, M. (1999). The handbook of group communication theory and research. 1st ed. Thousand Oaks, Calif. Sage Publications.Gibbs, G. (1988). Learning by doing A guide to teaching and learning methods. 1st ed. London FEU.Graham, S., Emery, S., Hall, R., Blanchard, K., Huntsman, J., Lennick, D., Kiel, F. and Jordan, K. (2012). Leading Teams with Integrity Advice from Leadership Experts. 1st ed. Upper saddle roof River, NJ FT Press.Hughes, R. and Jones, S. (2011). Developing and assessing college student teamwork skills. New Directions for Institutional Research, 2011(149), pp.53-64.Larson, C. and LaFasto, F. (1999 ). Teamwork. 1st ed. Newbury Park (Calif.) Sage Publ.Lawrence-Wilkes, L. and Ashmore, L. (2014). The reflective practitioner in professional education. 1st ed. London Palgrave Macmillan.Littlejohn, S., Foss, K. and Oetzel, J. (2016). Theories of Human Communication. 11th ed. Long Grove, IL Waveland Press, Inc.Martin, B. (2006). out-of-door leadership Theory and Practice. 1st ed. Windsor, ON Human Kinetics.Parker, G. (2015). Cross- Functional Teams Working with Allies, Enemies, and Other Strangers. 1st ed. San Francisco, Calif. Jossey-Bass.Quenk, N. (2013). Essentials of myers-briggs type indicator assessment. 1st ed. Hoboken, N.J. Wiley.Searle, M. and Swartz, M. (2015). Teacher Teamwork How do we make it work?. 1st ed. New York Association for inspection Curriculum Development.Waller, M., Gupta, N. and Giambatista, R. (2004). Effects of Adaptive Behaviors and Shared Mental Models on Control Crew Performance. Management Science, 50(11), pp.1534-1544.West, M. (2012). potent Teamwo rk Practical Lessons from Organizational Research. 1st ed. Chichester, West Sussex John Wiley and Sons.Theories Used1. Gibbs Reflective Model (1988)2. Lawrence Wilkes REFLECTION (2014)3. Tuckman Stages of throng Development (1965)4. Structuration Theory5. Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) (1956)6. Self-Organization Theory7. Relationship-Oriented Leadership Model8. Situational Leadership Model9. Fishers Theory of Decision EmergenceAppendicesLogbook week No./date of meeting(s)Action point(s)Team member/time of arrival/leavePotentially areas that every member worked onState of team / work in progressWeek 2 (3th October 2016)Get all members of group together and sign learning campaignStructuring what must be through for close meetinga)George Iashvili -11amb)Claudia Borges-11amc)Carlos Chalhoub-11amd)Cagri Ozecoglu-11ame) Ilya Ignatov-11am(All left same time as class was finished) at that place was no game simulation this week so no work to be done as a group yetLearning Contract s igned and we got all group members now.Week 3-First shock on Gaming Simulation (14 October 2016)1.Speak about steps we needed to take for the game and whether we all watched the video and read the game manual.2.Start to look at game excel sheet.3.Making sure all members had put their name in the game simulation.a)George Iashvili-1pmb)Claudia Borges-1pmc)Carlos Chalhoub-1pmd)Cagri Ozecoglu-1pme) Ilya Ignatov-1pm-All members that insureed looked at each section of the decision sheet together and made decisions as a group.Task completed-all the members looked at the decision archive and discussed on WhatsApp what steps to take as well as what we needed to do in the next meeting, which was to figure out a more accurate strategy and approach.At this point we still didnt know how to play the game properly. Some group members still not giving suggestions on the decisions. Some members still not contributing.Week 3-Second Meeting on Gaming Simulation (17 October 2016)1.Make sure we all k new how to fill in the decision document.2. Conclude on what car we wanted.2.Fill in decision document.3.Submit the decision document.a)George Iashvili -Didnt Attend, sick on sidereal day of meeting.b) Claudia Borges-Didnt Attend, informed group could find out due to having lessonc)Carlos Chalhoub-1230d)Cagri Ozecoglu-1230e) Ilya Ignatov-did not attend, could not attend due to having lesson too.-Claudia filled in some of the document and sent an email to the rest of the group. The members who attended all worked through the rest of the decision document together.-The group had little to no strategy in mind as we did not know the specifics on how to play the game properly yet. The group tested and true using common sense and logic as we hadnt known that the information was available on the mega learning website.Feeling disappointed with the result that we got for last week.However,we tried our best for the next decision to be better. Some group members go demotivated.Week 4(20/10/ 2016)1.To look over everything and looked at the results of the last simulation game and analyse it.2.We had the game reset this week3.Try to make changes to the game in order to get better results.4.To ensure the use of the information available on the mega learning website and blackboard on the consumer sensitivity and market growth, in order to configure a sluttish strategy.a)George Iashvili -1300b)Claudia Borges-1300c)Carlos Chalhoub-1300d)Cagri Ozecoglu-1300e) Ilya Ignatov-did not attend,but informed the group ahead of non-attendance.-We all looked through the decision document and made decisions on each section together as a group after thoroughly discussing everything. Also, we made sure we used the information available to us on consumer sensitivity, market growth and each decisions effect on budget.-We had a much better idea on how the game simulation works this week and used all the information given to us which made our decisions improve greatly. Also, almost the whole g roup was at the meeting which was very beneficial for the decision analysis and strategy direction that the group wanted to take.There was a clash in personalities which was affecting some decisions.There was a lot of miscommunication between the group.Week 5(27/10/2016)1. We planned to keep to our strategy that we used in week 4 as it seemed to work.a)George Iashvili -11amb)Claudia Borges- did not attendc)Carlos Chalhoub-11amd)Cagri Ozecoglu-11ame) Ilya Ignatov-11am-All who attended analysed the decisions together as a group and made more aggressive decisions on umpteen of the consumer behaviour sensitivity and impairments of the sectors, which changed our strategy direction.-We couldnt keep to our strategy that we had in the anterior week and the decisions made were too aggressive which gave us a low rank on the mega learning simulation.Some results and decisions that we made the week before worked and gave the game a good result so we kept them the same.Week 6 (3/11/2016)1.Reg ion 2 started this weekSo, we had to make sure to look at each section of the simulation game and try to increase our capacity of how numerous cars we can sell on component 1 and get much capacity for realm2.-Try to look at Eco-friendly cars and lower product appeal from the previous week because it was too high up.3.Look at marketing appeal for cooking stove cars higher and try focus on low hail and eco-friendly cars because the market growth is increasing in both these two sectors.a)George Iashvili -1230amb)Claudia Borges-1230amc)Carlos Chalhoub-1230amd)Cagri Ozecoglu-1230ame) Ilya Ignatov-1230am-Claudia looked at filling how many models in range for each category, how many new parts needed and feel at price for the cars.-the rest of the group tried to focus on the action points so making sure that look at product appeal and which areas need the most product appeal, like eco-friendly was too high the previous week so to decrease that and-Focus on trying to get the EBIT tea r down and capacity up and at the same time to make the best decisions for the simulations game based on last weeks results.-We now had a better misgiving of how the game was worked and we starting to get better rankings now. Now we had a better understanding we could do better for contribution 2.Week 7(8/11/2016)1.Try to meet more as a group, have at least two meetings a week.2.Try make sure we discuss the previous weeks results3.Try to focus on eco-friendly and image sectors due to this these two sectors being the ones we are doing weak at the moment.4.Try to look get product appeal up and again look at capacity for eco-friendly and image sector. Also, look at image cars due to sales revenue being so low in that sector and see what is happening and what is affecting for cars not to be selling.5.Decrease low monetary value unit cost and family unit cost too.-Focus on region 1 as region 2 sales are good, however the sales for region 1 have gone down from last week.a)George Iashvi li -14pmb)Claudia Borges-14pmc)Carlos Chalhoub-14pmd)Cagri Ozecoglu-14pme) Ilya Ignatov-14pm As a group, we tried to resolve our action points such as meeting more often, so timetables were sent of each of the members timetable so we could see which daywould be the best to meet.Secondly, we looked at resolving our problem with image cars and why we were not selling as much cars as we could and found out this was due to capacity was low and tried to increase this for the next weeks decision.Thirdly, try to decrease the unit cost for low cost due to being too high and also for family the unit cost was too high as well so we decreased this too.Look over previous weeks results and compare to current week to see what is happening and what is going wrong in the eco-friendly and image sectors and why our capacity is not increasing.Achieved a good ranking for region 1, however region 2 ranking went down.Week 8(17/11/2016)1.Focus on family cars sector because our sales have gone down a lot f rom previous weeks2.Focus on image sector too because our capacity for region 1 is still low and for region 2 is too low and we need to try and increase this.3.Discuss our results from previous week and what decisions need to be changed based on teachers feedback and our online results.a)George Iashvili -14pmb)Claudia Borges-14pmc)Carlos Chalhoub-14pmd)Cagri Ozecoglu-14pme) Ilya Ignatov-14pm-As a group we focused on looking at the capacity for the eco-friendly and image cars because it was really low and also tried to increase low cost cars capacity due to selling a lot of low cost cars each week, however not using all capacity.-Making sure that we kept some decisions the same such as low cost and family car unit prices.Week 9(24/11/2016)1.Looking at previous weeks decisions as it was good result and there was a lot of increase for capacity for all regions 1 and 2 and sales revenue increased. So look at what decisions were made that got as to have such a good result.a)George Iashvil i -14pmb)Claudia Borges-14pmc)Carlos Chalhoub-14pmd)Cagri Ozecoglu-14pme) Ilya Ignatov-14pm-As a team we made sure we went through each region 1 and 2 and made sure we looked at the engineering, how much we were spending in capacity and also HR and also looking at unit prices for each sector such as low cost and family prices.These two sector prices were too high and causing us to lose customers.Capacity was also a problem for our region 2 because we had less capacity for low cost cars and family and we tried our best to increase this and tried to keep our costs down.However, at the same time trying to fix our problem with eco-friendly and image cars due to the fact that no cars were being sold in that sector.-Making sure that we make investments into region 2-Try to look at unit prices whether too high or low.Week 10(1/12/2016)1.Make investments in region 22. Look at facilities for each car section and for each region 1 and 23.Look at prices for each section4.Again try to increase capacity in each section.a)George Iashvili -Could not attendb)Claudia Borges-Could not attendc)Carlos Chalhoub-1pmd)Cagri Ozecoglu-Could not attende) Ilya Ignatov- Could not attend-Carlos looked at each section and saw what we could do to firstly increase the capacity. The sectors we tried to increase our capacity were low costs cars and family cars in region 1 and 2, and eco-friendly cars and image cars in region 2 due to the fact that the capacity was 0. Then Carlos sent a copy of the file by e-mail to everyone in the group to have a look at before we submitted.-We also made some investments in HR and capacity for region 2-Increase Capacity-Look at eco-friendly and image cars sectors for regions twoWeek 11(8/12/2016)1.Look at region 2 image cars and eco-friendly and see why no sales being made.2.Again increase capacity for region 1 low cost and family cars and try to use all capacity available.a)George Iashvili -1pmb)Claudia Borges-1pmc)Carlos Chalhoub-1pmd)Cagri Ozecoglu-1pme) I lya Ignatov-1pm-As a group we discussed why we were having the problem in region 2 in the eco-friendly and image car sector. Due to the fact that for the last few weeks of decisions we have put invested in the HR division and also made others investments but despite this these two sectors did not make any sales.-We made a decision to sell off eco-friendly and image cars in region 2 and use the money to invest in region-Decision to sell off region 2 eco-friendly

Dolls House

Dolls Ho single-valued functionComparing the Views on Womens Position in Jane Aus disco biscuits vanity and damage and Henrik Ibsens A Dolls HouseAbstractThe search conducted in order for this essay to be written wasnt like that which would be conducted during a science experiment or a mathematical problem solving. The research undertaken for this essay was sincerely yours analytical. It delved deeply into two famous literary works of the nineteenth century. The research was mainly carried out because of the enkindle difference amidst the two works and the extremely strong female protagonists. What the main idea of this research essay was was comparing the views on womens positions in Pride and blemish by Jane Austen and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen. The literary works atomic number 18 unaccompanied s blushty long time apart, yet familiaritys views assortmentd so drastic entirelyy in those s correctty years that it is difficult non to be interested in studying the two w orks. To truly understand the views of women in these two publications, integrity must select the two thoroughly as easy as research what kinds of events were occurring at the generation of the publications. When Pride and Prejudice was published, society in the book was equal to society in real constituteliness. When A Dolls House was published, womens rights were arising to become to a greater extent(prenominal) prominent in society. Of course, even and then, there were still some old fashioned listens. Torvald Helmer was the epitome of what Ibsen disapproved of. As bity hatful analysed, Ibsen wrote this tactical maneuver to make the cosmos move forward quicker. It is unkn birth whether or not his play in truth make a huge impact how incessantly, womens position in society has changed drastic ally since. up to now between the two publications, there was a dramatic change. Nora Helmer was an inconceivable persona to Jane Austen. By the time Ibsen had his play perfo rmed, women were beginning to debate independently and imposek independence. The findings evident in this essay will not change the world or stop global warming. However, they do make a person think how differently life was lived in the nineteenth century.IntroductionFor a period in history, the and thing that seemed to plague women was the setting of spousal. Even if a wo gay didnt necessarily demand to bond she would be forced into sentiment of it because it was all that surrounded her. In the early nineteenth century, it was not hard to understand that women in society were call upd to be simple creatures, who didnt require more than a lovely home to sit in and neighbouring women to gossip with.In 1813, Pride and Prejudice, a saucy that supported all these social thinkings, was introduced to the world. This invention was written by Jane Austen and is probably one of the most famous love stories of all time simply because all women love to read about a love that sur vived the good and bad times. Jane Austen was a charwoman in the time where labor union was all one should think of as a little lady. Not seventy years later, a play was performed for the first time, titled A Dolls House. This play was written by playwright Henrik Ibsen and illustrated strongly severalize themes to those present in Pride and Prejudice. Whilst Pride and Prejudice centres on a woman in want of a husband, A Dolls House focuses on the other side of espousal the side of espousal aught precious let outed when it was first performed. Ibsen wrote his play at the time when women were beginning to be view of in society as something more than just females. In his play, Ibsen created a vitrine that began seeing past the prettiness of marriage with her husband. She began to think for herself and understand that there is more to witness about the world and one cannot know it unless one seeks it.deuce writers, less than seventy years apart, with entirely different attit udes as to how the world should be seen, in the eyes of a woman. two existed in the same century, yet they were worlds apart when it came to societys views on women and their position. Jane Austen believed it only vivid for marriage to be on a young lady of marriageable ages mind. Henrik Ibsen, on the other hand, thought process it inappropriate to show marriage as always being a traditional destiny. Ibsen portrayed women as independent or, at the genuinely least, seeking independence. He succeeded when attempting to portray women as more than hopeless young ladies whose life goals were to be married. Both be entirely conflicting stories twain be incredibly successful. persona ComparisonsTwo very different stories would obviously ease up two very different protagonists. Pride Prejudice and A Dolls House are no exception the former, Elizabeth white avens the latter, Nora Helmer. They are vastly different and are not the only spirits that are comparable in the two novels.El izabeth Bennet compared to Nora HelmerElizabeth lives with her mother who is a lady who badgered and pestered her five daughters about marriage. Elizabeth, being a woman in the times when marriage and economy was everything to a woman, has differing views to her society. Elizabeth does not believe in betrothing herself to someone she is not congenial with. Elizabeth is a droll woman. Compared to all other women in that time, she is intellectual and cares about more than money and worldly possessions. She does not want to marry a man she cannot converse with. Even though Elizabeth is a different woman who figure more than the average woman in the early 1800s, she still wanted to marry a man she could live with. If she didnt, she would mother to be married to him for life in misery. Divorce was not ever thought of in the times of Elizabeth Bennet and her sisters. Therefore, if you were betrothed to somebody, you would be betrothed to them for the whole of eternity. It was consider ed completely unladylike and ungrateful, in like manner, to get out your husband. If a woman was married to a man who was supporting her thoroughly and who was giving her all she wanted and she decided to leave him, society would look at her as an unappreciative wife who is not well-off with anything. It was not unders besidesd in those old times that two passel were not harmonious. All that was thought of when marriage was brought up was if hes a man who can support this woman with whatever happens. Consequently, Elizabeth wanted to marry but she wanted to marry someone she was compatible with, someone she could spend the rest of her life with and not regret it. Marriage is what she wanted but it wasnt the marriage that her mother or the rest of society would ever understand.Nora Helmer is a house-wife. She knits and shops, just as a house-wife should. She neer complains that her life isnt satisfying. However, Ibsen was clever enough to conceal her lawful feelings until lat er on in the play. As the auditory modality analyses Nora, it is realised that her life was never pleasing there was always something lacking in everything she ever did and never did she realise it until it was almost too late. Nora is tired of lifetime in a home where she is do by as a doll would be treated pampered and adored for her physicality. Eventually, she realises that living with Torvald Helmer is not the way she wants to live. There is so oftentimes to see out there in the world so much to learn about and here she is, living in a dolls house, throttle to a town that is not wide enough for her mind, nor exciting enough. Finally, she leaves her dismal life in the dolls house, to live her own life, to learn things shes never known before, to travel to places she has only ever heard of. She wanted to have it forward life, as shed never seen it before and she could not do that whilst living under the same hood as Torvald Helmer.Both these women are of great depth and intrigue. Both Elizabeth and Nora have different thoughts to those of the normal immix of their surroundings. Elizabeth didnt want to marry for money and end with a husband who couldnt even converse with her, unusual as it was in her time. Nora did not want to be imprisoned in a home, which offered no comfort, no excitement, no learning opportunities. Both characters are similar in the ways that they both went against the usual course of those rough them. However, they are different in the things they wanted ultimately. Elizabeth wanted to marry someone compatible. Nora wanted to stay away from marriage life and learn more about the world and herself before committing to anything more. Pride and Prejudice ends with both Elizabeth Bennet and Jane Bennett celebrating their marriages to Fitzwilliam Darcy and Charles Bingley. A Dolls House, on the other hand, ends with Nora walking to the world, ready to embrace whatever the world has to offer. In less than seventy years, the stories written about women and their position changed drastically. Women were beginning to be seen as more fitting and as more equal. It was also known that marriage was not all that would cross their minds. After all, it isnt that women are desperate to get married the society and the situation society put women in only make it seem that way and by the time Henrik Ibsen wrote his play, those types of thoughts were beginning to waver.Torvald Helmer compared to Nils Krogstad and Dr. consecrateTorvald Helmer is a man who believes in crabby positions for men and women. He doesnt believe women should provide, as Kristina Linde is planning to do for Nils Krogstad. He is a traditional man with an outdated way of thinking living in a society, which is rapidly ever-changing. Torvald Helmer is stuck in the times, which Austen described in her novel. He is, however, only joined by a few. In A Dolls House there are two other male characters whose way of thinking was definitely changing with that of society. Nils Krogstad and Dr. locate both believe in equality of men and women. Ibsen created these two characters as a way of contrasting to Torvald. Both Krogstad and Rank have different views. Krogstad completely agrees with the idea of Ms. Linde working to provide for her family. I ran a little shop, then a small school, and anything else I could turn my hand to. (Ibsen, H. A Dolls House. act one rascal 157). Rank also would sit and have many discussions with Nora, treating her like an equal adult. Torvald never once had a monstrous conversation with her, which proves how little he thought of the supposed equality between them. In the beginning of the play, it seems to the audience that everybody thinks as Torvald does when Kristina states, A wife cant borrow without her husbands consent (Ibsen, H. A Dolls House. Act 1, paginate 160). From this statement, it seems as though the society Nora is living in is just like the society Elizabeth Bennet was living in. Nora also states, I was lucky enough to get a lot of copying to doit was tremendous play sitting there working and earning money. It was almost like being a man. (Ibsen, H. A Dolls House. Act 1, page 162). This line suggests that women were not to work as men did in that society. However, when Dr. Rank is introduced, these ideas change. When Rank enters the home intending to see Torvald, he does not go away when he hears he is busy. Rather, he sits with Nora and converses with her, like equal adults. discontinue In less than a month, perhaps, I shall lie rotting in the churchyard (Ibsen, H. A Dolls House. Act 2, page 191). Rank discusses matters of seriousness with Nora, whilst Torvald does not. It is make it that Rank has a mind that is changing with the changing society. Helmers too sensitive to be able to face anything ugly I wont have him in my cronk room (Ibsen, H. A Dolls House. Act 2, page 191). Rank explains that Torvald is very sensitive. It is understood that he does not even s peak of serious things with people other than Nora. He is clearly the odd one in this novel because everybody else has the same frame of mind but he seems to be stuck in the days that were even changing in Pride and Prejudice.Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy compared to Mr. Charles BingleyTwo other men that are contrasting characters are Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy and Mr. Charles Bingley of Pride and Prejudice. Both have straightforward views on society and the ideas that society lives on. Both men are owners of a very large fortune Mr. Darcy slightly wealthier than Mr. Bingley. The two are the best of friends however, their characters could not be more dissimilar. At the first ball at Meryton, each of their characters is decided by the surrounding society. Mr. Bingley was good looking and refined he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected mannershe was lively and unreserved. (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 1, chapter 3, page 12). Mr. Bingley is liked by everyone that was acquai nted with him almost instantly. It was his lively disposition. Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mein and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes of his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 1, chapter 3, page 12). He is looked at as handsome and even more handsome when theyve heard of his fortune. However, their views on Mr. Darcy soon change. (He) danced only once, declined being introduced to any other lady, and fatigued the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world. (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 1, chapter 3, page 12). The mens differences do not only go so deep as personalities. They are also different in what they want ultimately. Of course, as was the tradition at the time, they each want to marry however, Mr. Bingley is not so fussy with who his future bride is to be. Mr. Bingley is much quicker to label a woman as accomplished also, which adds to the differing views of him and his friend. It is amazing to me how young ladies can have patience to be so very accomplished, as they all are, quotes Mr. Bingley (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 1, chapter 8, page 35). Mr. Darcy, of course, scolds him for thinking such a thing. It is clear that Mr. Darcy has a much more different idea of what an accomplished woman is. After describing an accomplished woman, Mr. Bingley listens to Mr. Darcys words, All this she must possess and to all this she must yet add something more substantial, in the improvement of her mind by extensive reading, (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 1, chapter 8, page 35). To the reader, it is obvious that Mr. Darcy, measuredly or not, is describing Elizabeth Bennet as accomplished. It is even more evident what the two friends views on women are when they lease their wives. Mr. Bingley chooses Jane for her unmistakable sweetie and kind nature and nothing more. His affection for her is not based on an expert mind or extensive reader. Mr. Darcy, on the other hand, favours Elizabeth. Although she is not as handsome as Jane, her mind is more developed. She takes pleasure in reading and having intellectual conversations. Mr. Darcy clearly wants this for a bride. By joining Mr. Darcy with Elizabeth and Mr. Bingley with Jane in matrimony in the end of the novel, it is clear what Austen wants the reader to learn marry someone you are compatible with. Although Mr. Bingley marries Jane for her attractiveness, their marriage was compatible because each is kind natured and good spirited. The two are not intellectuals, like Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth. In concomitant, they are quite the opposite, yet their marriage still works. When comparing the two main men of this novel, it is potential to say that Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley are the male counterparts to Jane and Eliz abeth Bennet, which is possibly wherefore their marriages worked in the end.Writers PurposeAs writers, both Austen and Ibsen had distinct purposes for writing what they did. When reading their works, it is clear to many that each wanted to encourage the public to begin to think differently to the society they lived in. Austen did agree with her society, essentially. She approved of marriage but wanted the reason for marriage to change in the mind of the public. Ibsen, however, promoted womens independence and ensured his audience went away with new ideas about the equality between the sexes.Jane Austen wrote Pride and Prejudice to allow woman the understanding that marrying for money, instead of compatibility, was never the correct path to walk on. Even though both Jane and Elizabeth did marry wealthy men, they did it for love rather than the money involved. They married for the important situation that they connected with their partners on a higher level than how highly they thou ght of the money they possessed. In the times when Austen published this novel, the thinking of Elizabeth and Jane were never believed to be possible. Austen took this to her advantage and publicized intellectual thinking and brought thoughts of compatibility into relationships. Other than Elizabeth and Jane Bennett in Pride and Prejudice, the characters mostly think about marrying for support and protection more than anything else. Naturally, she disapproved of women marrying bad men. By creating a character like Elizabeth, the audience could understand that she most definitely found it quite inappropriate for a man and woman to marry without any love. However, Austen didnt completely disapprove of women marrying for money. She understood that there are certain circumstances, which cannot be avoided sometimes. In her novel, she wrote about Charlotte Lucas, who was a girl uncertain of her frugal future. She married Mr. Collins for his presumable wealth and the belief that she wo uld be financially secure with him as a husband. Although she understood her uncertain economic future, Austen used this comparison to her benefit. Charlotte and Mr. Collins marriage became one of comfort, not one of love and affection. Austen did not leave to remind the reader that their marriage was anything but successful because Charlotte married for money. She also disapproved of marriage based completely on attraction, as was Mr. and Mrs. Bennets relationship. Her father captivated by youth and beauty, and that appearance of good humour, which youth and beauty generally give, had married a woman whose weak understanding and liberal mind, had very early in their marriage put an end to all real affection for her (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 3, chapter 42, page 194). Their marriage was all that Austen was against. What she disapproved of, also, was the reality that women could not inherit fortunes. For example in the case of Mr. Bennett who had four daughters and no sons, he would have to pass his fortune on to the next male in the family, who was Mr. Collins, who hadnt even been acquainted with the Bennet family. Austen did not understand why Mr. Bennetts daughter couldnt take over his fortune, when they obviously deserve it much more so than Mr. Collins. She showed her disapproval of this by using the voice of Mrs. Bennet. I do think it is the hardest thing in the world, that your estate should be entailed away from your own children, (Austen, J. Pride and Prejudice. Volume 1, chapter 15, page 54). In the end, what could be express about Austens purpose to write such a deep and meaningful novel is that she meant great things for it. She wrote to study women of the world that they should find their place in the world. Their minds should not constantly revolve around marriage and finding marriage. They should learn to be comfortable with their surroundings and themselves and only think of marriage when a man that is compatible with them comes along and steals their heart with what he does and says, and not with how much money he possesses.Henrik Ibsen wrote his play in a time when womens rights were starting to become noticed. Womens right to independence played a magnificent role in Ibsens A Dolls House. That is essentially what he was building towards, right from the commencement of the play. The entire purpose for his writing of this play was to broadcast the fact that women should begin thinking for themselves. He wanted women to believe they could make it on their own that they did not need a man to help them along the way. Henrik Ibsen wrote this play not seventy years after Jane Austen wrote her novel. Immediately as the first few pages are read, it is quite obvious that Ibsen is looking in to the future. His construction of Nora is quite fantastic. As a reader, it is interesting to note that Nora Helmer is a completely inconceivable character for Jane Austen. Never would Austen even think that a woman could leav e her husband in order to learn more about herself and the world. Nora is an excellent model of what many women thought about in the late 19th century. Marriage was beginning to lose its rose-coloured magic. The stories speaking of happy marriages were slowly beginning to melt away to reveal much less pretty images. Ibsen succeeded when attempting to write these thoughts down as a play. He succeeded in the fact that when the audience watched as Nora walked to the world, a new woman, they all cheered and agree with all her reasoning. Because Noras action provoked this reaction, it is seeming that his mission was fulfilled. His mission to rid the minds of all people of the inequality between men and women was accomplished. By employing the use of Kristina Linde, who worked and provided for her family for many years, Ibsen showed that it was not a bad thing. Kristina learnt more about herself and the cruel world she lived in. Evidently, it might have worn her out and tired her however , she came out of it a better, more-rounded and more experienced woman who could take on anything and not back down. Unlike Nora, who was frustrated all her life because she was missing something she desperately wanted. She moved from her fathers home, where she was treated like a doll, to her husbands home, where she received the same treatment. She never worked a day in her life, and because of this, she never stop dreaming of it. When she did work, behind her husbands back (for that was the only way she could), she commented that they were the three most enjoyable weeks of her life. Ibsen used Noras character to show that a woman who has been treated as though she is a fragile porcelain doll for all of her existence will not ever know how to truly think for herself. He used this character to show that having everything done for you and never knowing truly what the world around you is about is something one should never hope for. Even though Ms. Linde was awfully weary, Ibsen made his audience believe that this is the life, which should be sought after.In Pride and Prejudice, the society that Elizabeth Bennett lived in was not one which questioned a lot of things. Whatever is put in front of them, they believe it. They did not question things that seemed unusual to them. They did not question for fear their thoughts and beliefs would be abrupt and proved wrong. Desire for society did not exist in Austens Pride and Prejudice, unlike in A Dolls House. Nora wanted to learn more about the society and world she lived in. Elizabeth Bennett and the people she knew really only cared for the people they were already acquainted with. They would not go out of their way to learn more about what is possibility in other parts of the world, or even the country. In A Dolls House Ibsen made it clear that Nora wanted to see as much of the world as she possibly could. In Pride and Prejudice, Austen only wrote about marriage and the never-ending quest to find the right person to marry. Whilst Austen showed that marriage was what all women wanted ultimately, Ibsen showed that marriage life could be restricted. Ibsen also showed that traditional husbands implement several restrictions on their wives, which eventually denies the women the ability to grow, emotionally and physically. Ibsen attempted to tell the audience that if a man did everything for his wife and protected her from everything, there is no possible way she could grow into a more developed, more experienced, more agreeable person.ConclusionTwo novels different in purpose but equally great. Jane Austen lived in a different society to Henrik Ibsen. She agreed with the most part of her society, except that women shouldnt marry for financial security they should marry those that are like them. Her novel ended in two compatible marriages. Marriage was still the ultimate destination for women as well as men but it wasnt the kind of marriage that her society looked at. Women then were expected to marry for security and a fine house. Austen wanted to change these ideas and ensure that women believed that the fortune of a man is not what should be looked at when looking for a potential husband. Ibsen did not agree with his society. In fact, he wrote his play in order to change the society he lived in. His play went against everything the society believed in. Women were not allowed to leave their husbands whenever they wanted to. That is why he wrote the play he wanted womens positions to change and they did. When Nora walks to the world, she received cheers from the crowd. Independence, from then on, was desired and thats what Ibsen wanted. Both of the novels are fantastically written and the message is printed loud and clear. As the years go on, it is evident that each of these literary works has made an enormous impact on society. Ibsen helped womens fight for independence move more rapidly, whilst Austen made women all over the world seek a man that was like them, not just had a fortune that could buy them a home big enough for one hundred.BibliographyBooks1. Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. England Penguin, 1996.2. Ibsen, Henrik. A Dolls House. England Penguin, 19653. Spence, Jon. suitable Jane Austen. 2nd ed. London Continuum, 2007.Websites1. Cummings, Michael. J. A Dolls House by Henrik Johan Ibsen A Study Guide. Retrieved 18/07/09.2. Haker, Ann. Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. Retrieved 18/07/09.3. Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen. Retrieved 13/07/09.4. Pride and Prejudice. Retrieved 13/07/09. 5. Pride and Prejudice. Retrieved 05/02/10.6. Yurgaitis, Daniel. A Dolls House. February 16, 2004. Retrieved 18/07/09.

Group Culture Analysis: Narcotics Anonymous (NA) Meeting

host Culture Analysis Narcotics Anonymous (NA) Meeting security in Drugs Counselling, Theory and Intervention Skills.Eamonn KeoghIn this sheath study we impart look at the inner on the job(p)s of a congregation that I was involved in. This paper leave behind be broken into four contrary regions. In the first section I will give a description of the collection covering the context the reach frequency and space of the ag concourse finishing with a description of my role within the company. The sulfur sections will identity the multitude elaboration. In this I will formulate what the group norms and printing systems are. My lifeing around creation a particle of this group will also be discussed in this section. The third section will be a reflection on the efficacy of the group. The main(prenominal) hitchs in this section are what does/does not work well in the group and why is the group terminusing its delegate what do I look could improve the group. In the f inal section I will be pointing bulge return stunned of the closet the key t to each unmatchableings I got for this mental faculty and how would I draw this arrest winding into practice.Description of the GroupThe group being used in this case study is a bar clashing of Narcotics Anonymous (NA). NA is an internationalistic community based organisation for recuperateing drug junkys. Na processs withdraw from each other how to live a drug-free life and recover from the effects of addiction in their lives. NAs primary draw near to recovery is its belief in the therapeutic value of unrivaled addict helping another. Members take part in NA confluences by public lecture ab out their experiences and recovery from drug addiction. The NA course is one of masterly temperance from all told drugs, including alcohol. The only requirement for social status is the desire to blockage using. The core of the NA architectural plan is the twelve footfalls. These steps are a set of guidelines outlining a practical approach to recovery. Apart from the regular mergings in that respect are also step meeting in the NA programme. Im passing to use the step meetings for this case study. The task of step meetings is to broaden its members cognition of each of the twelve steps. The coif of these groups is one step is covered each week starting with 1 finishing with 12. The meeting lasts one hour. The room is set out with all the s frequentlys in a circle so each member is capable to see each other. One benefit of this is that on that point is a horse sense of belonging and togetherness. A NA moto about why they are in a circle is that no addict will stand alone. At the start of the meeting one person will open up the meeting and give their experience, strength and hope around the particular step being covered that night. This opening is called a leave. The person that gives the death chair is individual that has completed this step previously and has in excess of cardinal months clean magazine. The chair will last up to 15min long. When the chair is holy the other members of the group will share their experiences and knowledge of the step or identify with what the person giving the chair said. This ties in nicely with the ethos of NA that one member helping another. I contract a duo of roles to play in this group. Firstly Im a member going to the group to learn about of each of the steps several(prenominal)body and to broaden my knowledge around my feature recovery. The second role I will fill in this group is that of the person giving the chair at the start of the meeting.Identification of Group CultureAs pointed out by Chase (2013) the groups culture underlies all of its demeanours and actions. The culture of groups is constantly develop as it adapts to each untested situation or event it confronts and to the needs of the group and its members. The groups culture is an abstinence based group. In my group each member h as a coarse intellectual purpose for being together and that is to gain greater knowledge of the step involved on the night and the NA programme as a whole. The artefacts used in these meeting would be the Big book of account and a step working guide. Both of these were developed over time by members for members using collective knowledge they acquired over the geezerhood. approximately of the group norms are as follow Each member in the group is given a chance to talk The last 10 legal proceeding of the meeting is given up to new members or people that cod less than 90 days clean time Speak honestly and with consideration and respect of others and their efforts Maintain confidentiality Members will place phones on mum Members will listen to each other and not interrupt.With the NA programme being a spiritual programme, the main belief involved with NA is the belief in a high power. NA is not a religious organisation. Each member can choose their own higher power. Some examp les are the god we grew up with, the group itself, past family member. The belief in a higher power is that a power greater than ourselves can restore us to sanity.As a whole the behaviour in the groups is good. Members respect each other and where they are in their own recovery. There is a great sense of comradery and concern for each other. The ethos of the step meeting leads itself towards this in the way the person that does the chair is hard to help the newer members, that havent taking that step yet, gain a greater knowledge of the step or to get somebody who has to by chance look at that step in a different light. If there are conflicts or members become unhappy with the way the group is developing they have a medium in group contions. This is held once a month and members get to address all concerns they have around the meeting as a whole. This is a very heavy tool in making sure the group guidelines are being followed and the group is achieving its goal.Some of the bene fits of being an active member of this group are I feel very comfortable in the group. I get great maintain from the group and its members. I feel like I belong to the group and my voice is heard. Having completed the 12 steps I felt a sense of achievement and spurred me on to do the chair which was extremely humbling. reflection on the efficacy of the groupWhen view what works well in my group Weegman (2004) make a valid point thatGroup members learn they can help each other identify and modify in self and others their tendency to be unaware, deny, or remain oblivious to their pain, suffering, defences and the costly nature of their addictive solutions.This is one of key strengths of the group. The nature of the group is that one member does the chair and explains their experience, strength and hope surrounding the step being covered that night. One member passing knowledge gained to another. This can get members to thinking about their issues in a different light or take action similar to that taken by the person that through the chair. A bond of togetherness comes from this and this is one of the main reasons that N.A. meeting stay together. Yalom (1985) points out the therapeutic factors in group work. I can see my group putting some of these factors into practice and benefiting from them. Instillation of hope is the first one and plays a big role in my group. This is evident even in the literature we read as it was written by member years ago who to this day are still clean and sober. This is helpful with new members as they can see that recovery is possible. Universality is major a factor in helping the members feel part of the group. After audition other members share concerns similar to their own, members report feeling more in touch with the group and they dont feel alone. Development of companionableisation techniques is another therapeutic factor pointed out by Yalom that the group often represents members the first opportunity for accurate in terpersonal feedback. It can also point out a variety of social habits which, unbeknown to the member, have been undermining their social relationships. More senior members develop their social skills and have learned how to be helpfully responsive to other and acquire methods of conflict resolution.The reasonability of the group addressing its task lies with the group itself because any decisions or issues about the group are discussed and teased out in group concions. The secretory of the meeting is also headstrong here. I feel the group is addressing its task as the secretory chooses someone who has completed the step already to give the chair. The chair sets the tone of the meeting surrounding the step being covered in that meeting.Having pointed out some of the factors that help the group I will now point out some of the factors that hinder the function of the group. As the only requirement for membership is the desire to stop using from time to time members can come in under the influence of drugs. Due to the chaotic nature of drugs someone under the influence can cause a big term of enlistment to the group on a number of levels. Firstly the disturbance caused only also it can trigger something off in someone that makes them conceive drugs are attractive again. Another hindrance to the group as pointed out by Hough (1998), the conflict stage, members jostle with positions and roles and sub-groups may form. When this happens members tend to be judgmental, tiny and advice is freely offered without any real understanding of the problems which people have. The step meeting are a crucial part of the N.A. programme and if these two areas could be addressed and resolved I think the group could improve to flip over higher goals than it is already achieving.Identification of key learning from the moduleIve grained a lot from this module. One of the key areas of learning came in the first couple of sessions regarding the necessary decisions when planning a group. Up to now any involvement Ive had with a group was in a group that was already set up when I joined. Ive learned that the setting up of an effective group can cause as some(prenominal) stress as the running of a group. I can put this learning into practice as the youth projects I work in are setting up a stabilisation programme. Group therapy is an important factor of the programme with 3 sessions a week. As a solving of my learning I feel comfortable I my ability to go to the project in taking the necessary steps when setting up the group. Moving on from the process of setting up the group the undermentioned area of key learning was the reading of the group. Having watched the group develop and go through the five stages pointed out by Hough (1998) as we learnt them was very interesting. over again going forward the knowledge of these five stages ranging from anxiety to closure will put me at ease when I observe the group going through them. I fell without both facilit ator prior knowledge of the development stages of a group it would be very hard for the group to address its task even from the start. The final key learning for me was how the group dealt with absenteeism and the working out of this issue. The group was angry at first with the members that had missed a group but by working through it and voicing the resentment the group was able to move on. It was decided that an empty chair be left in for the member that was missing. It was profound the effect the empty chair had on the group. The group member was nearly noticed more in the empty chair than if they were sitting in the group. I feel this is worthy and effective tool to have when working in a group setting. This learning is something that I will use in the stabilisation programme being set up in my work place. With this knowledge I will be able to implement the empty chair from the offset printing of the group so the clients wont have to experience the resentment which was felt in the experiential group .Ive also had a huge keenness as to what way I am in a silence. What way do I internalise this silence and what have I learnt from it. In the first couple of groups there were a some silences and unknown to me my taught would drift away. It was only when asked about the silence and what I was thinking that I realised that my taught were always on other people and things never about myself. For me this was very interesting and showed me that I had some personal fabric still to work through. Having worked through it and realised that it was an old trait of tap to protect myself when I was in active addiction. Another benefit from this insight going forward in my practise is that counter transference wont be as big an issue for me having done this module and acted on the learning.BibliographyChase, R.S (2013) Elements of Effective Communication, 4th Edition, Plain and Precious Publishing, Washington.Hough, M. (1998) Counselling Skills and Theory. Hodder an d Staunton London. Chapter order The Group Context. Part two pages 213-226Yalom, I (1985) the Theory and Practise of Group Psychotherapy third Edition Basic Books USA. Chapter One Therapeutic Factors in Group Therapy.Yalom, I (1985) The Theory and Practise of Group Psychotherapy 3rd Edition Basic Books USA. Chapter Eleven In the Beginning